• affectant—a person affected by hearing or reading the record and able to draw a recognizable set of meanings from the received record • second sign—a second-level record of the event that has now been filtered through a secondary process of analysis based on the affectant’s understood range of meanings for the interpretant The recording and interpretation of history is therefore like the continually expanding ripples on a pond created by a pebble’s original impact with the water. It is a continuous,
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